Arms Sales to Sudan, 2004-2006 – Category 2: Producers

Countries: O-Z

Explanation of Sources

Index of Countries

Countries listed in this category appeared in Sudan’s reports to Comtrade, the U.N. trade statistics database, as the country of origin of imported arms. Because the Darfur arms embargo requires states to take all possible measures to prevent arms from entering Darfur, they are responsible for ensuring that their weapons do not reach Darfur either directly or indirectly, including through third countries.

The countries themselves did not report any arms exports to Sudan and some countries have denied that any transfers took place. It is likely that some did not directly sell weapons to Sudan but that the items were re-exported by a third country. It is also possible that Sudan’s import figures are incorrect, either because the recording system is inaccurate or because Khartoum sees political advantage in over or underreporting arms transfers from particular countries. These countries should also investigate how the arms originating from their territory ended up in Sudan, and what third parties were involved in order to ensure that their weapons are not associated with atrocities in Darfur.

Oman

Sudan reported receiving a very small amount of shotgun barrels made in Oman, worth only $62, in 2005. Oman did not respond to HRF’s requests for clarification.

Source	Year of export	Weapon Types	Trade Value or # of Items
Comtrade – Sudan	2005	Shotgun barrels	$62
		Total	$62

Pakistan

In 2006, Sudan imported military weapons manufactured in Pakistan worth over $20,000. The Foreign Ministry of Pakistan did not respond to HRF’s requests for clarification.

Source	Year of export	Weapon Types	Trade Value or # of Items
Comtrade – Sudan	2006	Military weapons, other than hand guns, swords, etc	$20,922
		Total	$20,922

Qatar

Sudan reportedly received over $40,000 worth of Qatari-made arms since 2004. A representative of the Permanent Mission of Qatar to the U.N. informed Human Rights First that the Qatari government is investigating the reported figures

Source	Year of export	Weapon Types (nes=not elsewhere specified)	Trade Value or # of Items
Comtrade – Sudan	2005	Arms nes, (spring, air or gas guns, truncheons, etc)	$177
	2006	Shotguns, shotgun-rifles for sport, hunting or target	$41,727
		Total	$41,727

Sweden

Sudan reportedly imported over $100,000 worth of swords and related items made in Sweden in 2005. After an investigation of Sweden’s export statistics for 2005, the Swedish Foreign Affairs Ministry found that the country’s total exports of ‘swords, bayonets and other similar items’ was only just over $53,000. On this basis, Sweden denied that the transfer to Sudan had taken place.

Source	Year of export	Weapon Types	Trade Value or # of Items
Comtrade – Sudan	2005	Swords, cutlasses, bayonets, lances, scabbards, etc	$110,002
		Total	$110,002

Switzerland

Sudan reported that it received over $9 million worth of Swiss-made tanks and other weapons in 2004. The Swiss government denied that any weapons had been transferred from Switzerland to Sudan since 2004 and specifically stated that the transfer of tanks did not take place.  Nonetheless, given the high values of Swiss military equipment reportedly transferred, Switzerland should conduct a thorough investigation of its arms export control mechanisms to ascertain whether, and if so how, Swiss tanks and other weaponry ended up in Sudan, in order to prevent further transfers.

Source	Year of export	Weapon Types	Trade Value or # of Items
Comtrade – Sudan	2004	Tanks and other armoured fighting vehicles	$9,143,758
		Military weapons, other than hand guns, swords, etc	$382,294
		Total	$9,526,052

Syria

Syrian weapons valued at $6,641 entered Sudan between 2005 and 2006. The Syrian Foreign Ministry did not respond to HRF’s requests for clarification of the figures.

Source	Year of export	Weapon Types	Trade Value or # of Items
Comtrade – Sudan	2005	Muzzle-loading firearms	$6,873
	2006	Tanks and other armoured fighting vehicles	$6,438
		Air gun pellets, parts of shotgun cartridges	$203
		Total	$6,641

Thailand

Only a small amount of weapons made in Thailand, worth $235, entered Sudan since 2004. The Thai Foreign Ministry did not respond to HRF’s requests for clarification.

Source	Year of export	Weapon Types	Trade Value or # of Items
Comtrade – Sudan	2005	Military weapons, other than hand guns, swords, etc	$235
		Total	$235

Tunisia

Sudan reported that almost $7,000 worth of firearms made in Tunisia crossed its borders in 2004. In response to Human Rights First’s request for clarification, the Tunisian government denied any weapons transfers to Sudan since 2004.

Source	Year of export	Weapon Types	Trade Value or # of Items
Comtrade – Sudan	2004	Muzzle-loading firearms	$6,867
		Total	$6,867

United Arab Emirates

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) self-reported only one very small transfer of arms parts to Sudan in 2005. However, Sudan reported receiving over $400,000 of weaponry from the UAE. The Foreign Ministry of the UAE did not respond to HRF’s requests for clarification.

Source	Year of export	Weapon Types (nes=not elsewhere specified)	Trade Value or # of Items
Comtrade – Sudan	2004	Revolvers and pistols	$227
		Shotguns, shotgun-rifles for sport, hunting or target	$298
		Rifles, sporting, hunting or target-shooting, nes	$1,491
		Arms nes, (spring, air or gas guns, truncheons, etc)	$325
		Parts and accessories of shotguns or rifles, nes	$2,245
		Air gun pellets, parts of shotgun cartridges	$508
	2005	Telescopes for arms/other equipment, periscopes	$774
		Revolvers and pistols	$18,844
		Shotguns, shotgun-rifles for sport, hunting or target	$5,481
		Rifles, sporting, hunting or target-shooting, nes	$659
		Arms nes, (spring, air or gas guns, truncheons, etc)	$101,308
		Parts and accessories of shotguns or rifles, nes	$2,661
		Cartridges, shotgun	$78
		Cartridges nes, parts thereof	$3,777
		Swords, cutlasses, bayonets, lances, scabbards, etc	$3,205
	2006	Telescopes for arms/other equipment, periscopes	$322
		Shotguns, shotgun-rifles for sport, hunting or target	$231,354
		Arms nes, (spring, air or gas guns, truncheons, etc)	$2,585
		Parts and accessories of shotguns or rifles, nes	$42,570
		Parts and accessories nes of weapons, nes	$11,672
		Total	$430,384
Comtrade – Self	2005	Cartridges nes, parts thereof	$63
		Total	$63

United Kingdom

Sudan reported that it received almost $9,000 worth of British-made arms since 2004.The U.K. government responded to the figures by denying that any weapons had been transferred directly to Sudan during that period.

Source	Year of export	Weapon Types	Trade Value or # of Items
Comtrade – Sudan	2004	Revolvers and pistols	$1,451
		Shotguns, shotgun-rifles for sport, hunting or target	$971
	2006	Shotguns, shotgun-rifles for sport, hunting or target	$4,406
		Air gun pellets, parts of shotgun cartridges	$1,956
		Total	$8,784

U.S.A.

Sudan reportedly imported over $24,000 worth of swords and related items made in the U.S.A. In response to HRF’s inquiry, the U.S. government found no indication of authorization for these weapons exports and no record of the transfer.

Source	Year of export	Weapon Types	Trade Value or # of Items
Comtrade – Sudan	2005	Swords, cutlasses, bayonets, lances, scabbards, etc	$24,067
		Total	$24,067

The tables above contain information on exports of arms and related military material to Sudan since 2004, the year the United Nations arms embargo was first imposed in relation to the Darfur conflict. Total amounts for the period are given, as reported to each database. Information for 2007 and 2008 is included where available. The databases used in this enquiry were:

Comtrade – Sudan	United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics database, commodity export and import information reported by Sudan.
Comtrade – Self	United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics database, commodity export and import information self-reported by country.
UN RoCA	United Nations Register on Conventional Arms database, information self-reported by country.
Eurostat	Statistical database of the European Union, information self-reported by country.
Other	Media reports, other publicly reported information.